This course is about the analysis of financial information arising primarily from the financial reports of entities. Fundamental analysis techniques are examined in detail with particular emphasis on the application of these techniques in equity (share) valuation decisions. Some attention is also given to credit assessment and debt valuation decisions. The techniques are applied in cases and projects involving listed companies. Topics considered include fundamental ratio analysis using reported and ' off-balance sheet' information,an analysis of accrual accounting and cash flows, the analysis of profitability, growth and valuation generation in a firm, determining the quality of financial reports, forecasting earnings and cash flows, pro-forma analysis for strategy and planning, analysis of risk, and a comparison of alternative valuation models.