To introduce students to the principles of public health engineering, water and wastewater treatment, water supply systems, wastewater disposal systems, stormwater systems, biosolids treatment and management, and water quality and contamination indicators. As such the subject includes water sanitation and health, water supply and sewage systems, design period and flow estimation for water supply and sewerage works, water supply systems - collection, storage, transmission, treatment and distribution works, sanitary sewerage systems - gravity sewers, pumping stations and rising mains, self cleansing and slime control, stormwater systems – design period and flow estimation, quality estimation, WSUD and BMP approaches, water quality standards and methods of analysis, Chemical reactions, ionic equilibria, buffering, pH, Water pollution criteria, BOD, COD, Toxicity, Eutrophication, Oxygen balance and DO Sag curve, Biology related water quality and treatment, Introduction to treatment, Physical unit processes - screening, sedimentation (discrete, flocculent, hindered and zone settling), filtration, chemical unit processes - coagulation and flocculation, optimum coagulant dose, disinfection, chlorination, fluoridation, softening, desalination, Integration of processes for practical water treatment plant design, Biological treatment processes - Aerobic and Anaerobic processes, Integration of processes for wastewater treatment plant design, Secondary treatment - trickling filters, activated sludge, nutrient removal systems, sludge characteristics and quantities, Sludge/Biosolids treatment and disposal, Tertiary and advanced wastewater treatment processes, and Effluent reuse.