Psycholinguistics is concerned with the application of linguistics to psychology. Psycholinguists view the study of human language as inseparable from the study of the workings of the brain. We examine the most crucial issues about the interaction between the brain and language in relation to how languages are acquired, processed and stored. We also look at the relationship between brain damage and language impairment, breakdown and loss. Throughout, we explore several fundamental approaches in psycholinguistics, such as Behaviourism and Mentalism, to see how they account for the psychological processes underlying the production, processing and representation of human language. Further, we examine proposals about the relationship of language and thought.