In this course thermodynamics is considered using an approach that emphasises the atomic nature of matter. Topics covered include heat capacity of solids, quantal gases and black body radiation which all rely on the statistical and quantum nature of the thermodynamic laws. The second part of the course discusses nuclear and particle physics and their applications. Subatomic physics in the big bang and in stars is responsible for the very character of our natural environment. Furthermore many modern technologies are based on subatomic physics. Examples can be found in the areas of power generation, medical diagnostics and treatment, industrial processing and control, as well as in environmental protection. The discussion will focus on the physics principles and phenomena that underpin such technologies.